摘要 根据提取准确性,记忆可分为错误记忆和真实记忆,错误记忆是指个体在记忆中错误地把未曾发生过的事件当作发生过,或对事件的记忆与其本身并不相符。通过系统梳理国内外的相关研究,总结了影响错误记忆的年龄、人格和情绪等内部因素,以及呈现方式、预警提示、加工水平和时间压力等外部因素。基于各种影响因素,以多样化形式呈现并注意信息的多元特征,提供充足的时间进行有意识的认知监控,同时尽量避免在高唤醒状态下记忆和回忆重要信息等应对策略能够预防错误记忆的产生。 According to the accuracy of extraction,memory can be divided into false memory and true memory.False memory refers to the fact that an individual mistakenly treats an event that has not happened as if it had happened,or the memory of the event is not consistent with itself.Through systematically sorting out relevant research at home and abroad,we summarized the internal factors such as age,personality and emotion that affected false memory,as well as external factors such as presentation mode,early warning prompt,processing level and time pressure.based on a variety of factors,in order to prevent the occurrence of false memory,coping strategies can be adopted,which mainly include presenting and paying attention to the multiple features of information in diverse forms,providing sufficient time for conscious cognitive monitoring,and trying to avoid remembering and recalling important information in the state of high arousal.
出处 《乐山师范学院学报》 2021年第3期122-128,共7页 Journal of Leshan Normal University
基金 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金“认知负荷与情绪调节对学习策略使用的影响机制研究——以估算策略学习为例”(18YJA190008)。
分类号 G442 [哲学宗教—心理学]
